akkoma/docs/installation/centos7_en.md

278 lines
7.6 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

# Installing on CentOS 7
## Installation
This guide is a step-by-step installation guide for CentOS 7. It also assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-sudo-user-on-centos-quickstart). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
### Required packages
* `postgresql` (9,6+, CentOS 7 comes with 9.2, we will install version 11 in this guide)
* `elixir` (1.5+)
* `erlang`
* `erlang-parsetools`
* `erlang-xmerl`
* `git`
* Development Tools
#### Optional packages used in this guide
* `nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
* `certbot` (or any other ACME client for Lets Encrypt certificates)
### Prepare the system
* First update the system, if not already done:
```shell
sudo yum update
```
* Install some of the above mentioned programs:
```shell
sudo yum install wget git unzip
```
* Install development tools:
```shell
sudo yum group install "Development Tools"
```
### Install Elixir and Erlang
* Add the EPEL repo:
```shell
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum -y update
```
* Install Erlang repository:
```shell
wget -P /tmp/ https://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
```
* Install Erlang:
```shell
sudo yum install erlang erlang-parsetools erlang-xmerl
```
* Download [latest Elixir release from Github](https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/tag/v1.8.1) (Example for the newest version at the time when this manual was written)
```shell
wget -P /tmp/ https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/download/v1.8.1/Precompiled.zip
```
* Create folder where you want to install Elixir, well use:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /opt/elixir
```
* Unzip downloaded file there:
```shell
sudo unzip /tmp/Precompiled.zip -d /opt/elixir
```
* Create symlinks for the pre-compiled binaries:
```shell
for e in elixir elixirc iex mix; do sudo ln -s /opt/elixir/bin/${e} /usr/local/bin/${e}; done
```
### Install PostgreSQL
* Add the Postgresql repository:
```shell
sudo yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm
```
* Install the Postgresql server:
```shell
sudo yum install postgresql11-server postgresql11-contrib
```
* Initialize database:
```shell
sudo /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb
```
* Open configuration file `/var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf` and change the following lines from:
```plain
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 ident
```
to
```plain
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 md5
```
* Enable and start postgresql server:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now postgresql-11.service
```
### Install PleromaBE
* Add a new system user for the Pleroma service:
```shell
sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false -m -d /var/lib/pleroma -U pleroma
```
**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you dont have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /opt/pleroma
sudo chown -R pleroma:pleroma /opt/pleroma
sudo -Hu pleroma git clone -b master https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma /opt/pleroma
```
* Change to the new directory:
```shell
cd /opt/pleroma
```
* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma mix deps.get
```
* Generate the configuration: `sudo -Hu pleroma mix pleroma.instance gen`
* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
```shell
mv config/{generated_config.exs,prod.secret.exs}
```
* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
```shell
sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
```
* Now run the database migration:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
```
* Now you can start Pleroma already
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
```
### Finalize installation
If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create a systemd service file for Pleroma.
#### Nginx
* Install nginx, if not already done:
```shell
sudo yum install nginx
```
* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
```shell
sudo yum install certbot-nginx
```
and then set it up:
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt/
sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --standalone
```
If that doesnt work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesnt work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
---
* Copy the example nginx configuration to the nginx folder
```shell
sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
```
* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs (e.g. change servername, change cert paths)
* Enable and start nginx:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx
```
If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
```shell
sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/
```
#### Other webserver/proxies
You can find example configurations for them in `/opt/pleroma/installation/`.
#### Systemd service
* Copy example service file
```shell
sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
```
* Edit the service file and make sure that all paths fit your installation
* Enable and start `pleroma.service`:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now pleroma.service
```
#### Create your first user
If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
```shell
sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
```
#### Further reading
* [Admin tasks](Admin tasks)
* [Backup your instance](backup.html)
* [Configuration tips](general-tips-for-customizing-pleroma-fe.html)
* [Hardening your instance](hardening.html)
* [How to activate mediaproxy](howto_mediaproxy.html)
* [Small Pleroma-FE customizations](small_customizations.html)
* [Updating your instance](updating.html)
## Questions
Questions about the installation or didnt it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:matrix.org](https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org) or IRC Channel **#pleroma** on **Freenode**.